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Section 101.5 Criminal Code Act 1995
Collecting or Making Documents Likely to Facilitate Terrorist Acts

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Knowingly collecting or making a document likely to facilitate a terrorist act is an offence under section 101.5(1) of the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth), which carries a maximum penalty of 15 years in prison.

To establish the offence, the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt that:

  1. You collected or made a document
  2. The document was connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act, and
  3. You knew of that connection.

A ‘terrorist act’ is an action done or threatened with the intention of:

  1. Coercing, or influencing by intimidation, the government of the Commonwealth or a state, territory or foreign country, or part thereof, or
  2. Intimidating the public or a section thereof.

‘An action’ includes:

  1. Causing serious physical harm to a person
  2. Causing serious damage to property
  3. Causing death
  4. Endangering another’s life
  5. Creating a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or part thereof, and
  6. Seriously interfering with, seriously disrupting or destroying an electronic system.

An ‘electronic system’ includes:

  1. An information, telecommunications or financial system
  2. A system to deliver essential government services, and
  3. A system for or by an essential public utility or transport system.

You may be found guilty of the offence even if:

1. The terrorist act did not occur
2. The document was not connected with a specific terrorist act, or
3. The document was connected with more than one terrorist act.

Defences to the charge include duress and self-defence.


Recklessly collecting or making a document likely to facilitate a terrorist act is an offence under section 101.5(2) of the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth), which carries a maximum penalty of 15 years in prison.

To establish the offence, the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt that:

  1. You collected or made a document
  2. The document was connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act, and
  3. You were reckless as to that connection.

A ‘terrorist act’ is an action done or threatened with the intention of:

  1. Coercing, or influencing by intimidation, the government of the Commonwealth or a state, territory or foreign country, or part thereof, or
  2. Intimidating the public or a section thereof.

‘An action’ includes:

  1. Causing serious physical harm to a person
  2. Causing serious damage to property
  3. Causing death
  4. Endangering another’s life
  5. Creating a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or part thereof, and
  6. Seriously interfering with, seriously disrupting or destroying an electronic system.

An ‘electronic system’ includes:

  1. An information, telecommunications or financial system
  2. A system to deliver essential government services, and
  3. A system for or by an essential public utility or transport system.

‘An action’ does not include advocacy, protest, dissent or industrial action not intended to:

  1. Cause death, serious physical harm or endanger another’s life, or
  2. Create a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or a part thereof.

You were reckless if you were aware there was a substantial risk that the document was connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act, and it was unjustifiable to take that risk but you went ahead with your actions regardless.

You may be found guilty of the offence even if:
1. The terrorist act did not occur
2. The document was not connected with a specific terrorist act, or
3. The document was connected with more than one terrorist act.

You are not guilty if you establish, on the balance of probabilities, that you did not intend by your actions to facilitate preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in, a terrorist act.

Defences to the charge include duress and self-defence.

If you require Expert Legal Advice from an Experienced Criminal Defence Lawyer to defend you against terrorism-related, call Sydney Criminal Lawyers® today on (02) 9261 8881.

The Legislation

101.5  Collecting or making documents likely to facilitate terrorist acts

(1)  A person commits an offence if:

(a)  the person collects or makes a document; and

(b)  the document is connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act; and

(c)  the person mentioned in paragraph (a) knows of the connection described in paragraph (b).

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 15 years.

(2)  A person commits an offence if:

(a)  the person collects or makes a document; and

(b)  the document is connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act; and

(c)  the person mentioned in paragraph (a) is reckless as to the existence of the connection described in paragraph (b).

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 10 years.

(3)  A person commits an offence under subsection (1) or (2) even if:

(a)  a terrorist act does not occur; or

(b)  the document is not connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a specific terrorist act; or

(c)  the document is connected with preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in more than one terrorist act.

(4)  Section 15.4 (extended geographical jurisdiction—category D) applies to an offence against this section.

(5)  Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply if the collection or making of the document was not intended to facilitate preparation for, the engagement of a person in, or assistance in a terrorist act.

Note:          A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (5) (see subsection 13.3(3)).

(6)  If, in a prosecution for an offence (the prosecuted offence) against a subsection of this section, the trier of fact is not satisfied that the defendant is guilty of the offence, but is satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty of an offence (the alternative offence) against another subsection of this section, the trier of fact may find the defendant not guilty of the prosecuted offence but guilty of the alternative offence, so long as the defendant has been accorded procedural fairness in relation to that finding of guilt.

A ‘Terrorist Act’ is defined as follows:

terrorist act means an action or threat of action where:

(a)  the action falls within subsection (2) and does not fall within subsection (3); and

(b)  the action is done or the threat is made with the intention of advancing a political, religious or ideological cause; and

(c)  the action is done or the threat is made with the intention of:

(i)  coercing, or influencing by intimidation, the government of the Commonwealth or a State, Territory or foreign country, or of part of a State, Territory or foreign country; or

(ii)  intimidating the public or a section of the public.

(2)  Action falls within this subsection if it:

(a)  causes serious harm that is physical harm to a person; or

(b)  causes serious damage to property; or

(c)  causes a person’s death; or

(d)  endangers a person’s life, other than the life of the person taking the action; or

(e)  creates a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or a section of the public; or

(f)  seriously interferes with, seriously disrupts, or destroys, an electronic system including, but not limited to:

(i)  an information system; or

(ii)  a telecommunications system; or

(iii)  a financial system; or

(iv)  a system used for the delivery of essential government services; or

(v)  a system used for, or by, an essential public utility; or

(vi)       a system used for, or by, a transport system.

Why Choose Sydney Criminal Lawyers®?

Going to court can be nerve-racking, but having a strong and compassionate legal team behind you can make the experience significantly easier to deal with.

Here are 12 reasons to choose our multi-award winning legal team:

  1. Proven Track Record of Exceptional Results

    Sydney Criminal Lawyers® consistently achieves outcomes which are in the highest percentile of the Judicial Commission’s sentencing statistics for criminal cases.

    Our legal team devises effective case-strategies and fights hard to have cases dropped entirely or charges downgraded – saving clients the time, expense and stress of a defended hearing or jury trial.

    Where cases nevertheless proceed, our lawyers have an outstanding track record of winning defended Local Court hearings, and complex jury trials in the District and Supreme Courts.

    We also consistently win appeals in the District and Supreme Courts (including the NSWCCA) after clients have received unsatisfactory results with other law firms in the lower courts.We are one of the few firms to achieve successful criminal law appeals in the High Court of Australia.

    Where our clients wish to plead guilty, we frequently achieve ‘dismissals’ and ‘non convictions’ in cases where other lawyers have advised there is no chance of doing so.

  2. Highest Level of Client Satisfaction

    We have the best and most comprehensive client review record of any law firm in Australia.

    Regular communication, accessibility and quality service are our team’s highest priorities.

    We are committed to thoroughly explaining all steps involved in the criminal law process, providing regular updates throughout the proceedings, and making ourselves accessible and responsive.

    We are passionate about providing an exceptional level of service to our clients, and we fight hard to achieve optimal results in the shortest period of time.

  3. Australia’s Most Awarded Criminal Law Firm

    We have received more awards and accolades than any other criminal law firm in Australia. Our team has been awarded “Criminal Defence Firm of the Year in Australia” in a number of prestigious and competitive awards programs for several years running.

    The awards recognise our exceptional track record of results, our outstanding client service, the high level of satisfaction we achieve, the affordability of our services and our overall excellence.

  4. Fixed Fees

    We want our clients to know exactly how much their cases will cost from the very start. That’s why we were the first criminal law firm in Australia to publish ‘fixed fees’, back in 2004.

    We offer fixed fees for most types of criminal cases and services.Our fixed fees apply to a range of Local Court cases such as drink driving, drug possession, fraud, common assault and AVOs, and also specific services such as prison visits, bail applications, appeals and defended hearings.

    Unlike many other law firms, our fixed fees are published on our website – which ensures transparency and certainty.

  5. Free First Appointment

    For those who are going to court, we offer a free first conference of up to an hour with one of our Senior Criminal Defence Lawyers.

    We also offer a free first conference to those who have received an unsatisfactory result after being represented in court by another law firm, or after representing themselves, and wish to appeal.

  6. Specialist Lawyer Guarantee

    We guarantee that only lawyers with substantial criminal defence experience will work on your case and appear for you in court.

    This ensures our clients receive the highest quality representation from an experienced, specialist criminal lawyer.

  7. All NSW Courts

    From Bombala to Broken Hill, our lawyers appear in courts throughout New South Wales – and across Australia for Commonwealth cases.

    And we offer fixed fees for most criminal and traffic law cases throughout the state.

  8. Accredited Specialists

    Our entire firm is exclusively dedicated to criminal law – which makes us true specialists.

    All of our lawyers have years of experience representing clients in criminal cases, and our principal has been certified by the Law Society of NSW as an Accredited Criminal Law Specialist since 2005.

    An ‘Accredited Specialist’ is a lawyer who has practised for at least 5 years in a particular field of law (such as criminal law), has passed a rigorous assessment process conducted by the Law Society of NSW, and has been selected by the Specialist Accreditation Committee of the Law Society as an expert in the field.

    Accredited Specialists are required to undertake more training each year than other lawyers and must be successful in having their accreditation renewed every year. Specialist Accreditation is the mark of a true specialist.

    Our firm’s specialist experience ensures you receive the best possible result, whatever your criminal law case may be.

  9. Results-Focused Law Firm

    Our team is passionate about achieving results, and unlike many other law firms, our lawyers do not have monthly financial ‘budgets’ to meet.

    The absence of budgets means our lawyers are entirely focused on achieving optimal results in the shortest space of time; whether by getting charges dropped or downgraded at an early stage or having cases ‘thrown out of court’.

    Not having budgets also means our lawyers are not under pressure to engage in unscrupulous practices such as unnecessarily adjourning cases or ‘overcharging’ clients – which, sadly, is a common complaint against many other lawyers and law firms.

    No budgets encourages regular consultation between lawyers within the firm – promoting an ‘open door’, team environment where lawyers bounce ideas off one another, formulate case strategy together and benefit from each other’s specialised experience, methods, techniques and insights.

    The result is a firm which delivers optimal outcomes in the shortest time periods, at the least expense and stress to our clients.

  10. Team of Lawyers Behind You

    Our clients benefit from the pool of knowledge that only an extensive team of experienced criminal defence lawyers can provide.

    Our lawyers regularly consult one another to stay ‘ahead of the pack’ in the ever-changing field of criminal law – constantly devising, refining and implementing specialised techniques which ensure our clients achieve the best possible outcomes.

    A team approach is particularly important when it comes to serious criminal cases such as murder, commercial drug cases, serious and sexual assaults, large-scale fraud, robbery and other ‘indictable’ cases.

    In such matters, clients reap the benefits of several lawyers devising and executing case strategies which maximise the chances of having cases dropped or downgraded at an early stage, or ‘thrown out of court’ – often saving clients a great deal of cost, time and anxiety.

  11. Familiar with Magistrates and Judges

    Each of our lawyers appears in court on a daily basis, and has done so for years. We have therefore been able to develop an understanding of, and rapport with, magistrates and judges in Sydney and indeed across the state.

    Our team’s extensive experience before the courts ensures your case is tailored to the specific nuances of individual judicial officers, maximising the likelihood of a favourable result.

  12. Convenience

    We have offices in locations across the Sydney Metropolitan Area and beyond, including:

    We offer free parking at our Sydney CBD offices, and all of our offices are close to train stations and bus terminals.

    For those who are unable to attend our offices, we offer conferences by telephone, Skye and FaceTime anywhere around the world.

    If you are going to court and wish to arrange a free first consultation, call our 24 hour hotline on (02) 9261 8881 or send us an email at info@sydneycriminallawyers.com.au.

Going to Court? (02) 9261 8881

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